動詞の基本【暗記編】ing、to ＋動詞の原形、動詞の変化など。
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今日は動詞の基本暗記編です。
前回不定詞と動名詞について勉強しましたが、動詞によってはその後に必ず不定詞が来るか動名詞が来るか決まっているものがあります。TOEICなどでも聞かれることが多いのでこれは単純に暗記しておくといいでしょう。
１、後ろの動詞が ingになる動詞
例文「enjoy」
enjoyの後ろに動詞の活用形を使いたい場合は必ず、不定詞ではなく動名詞を使います。
つまりWe enjoyed playing baseballという感じです。
We enjoy to play baseballという文は作れません。
ざっと単語をここに記載していきます。
以下
ingが後に来る単語↓
appreciate
avoid
consider
delay
discuss
enjoy
finish
mind
miss
postpone
quit
risk
suggest
など。
２、後ろの動詞が to +動詞の原形になる動詞
例文「agree」
I agreed to join this project.という感じです。
以下
to＋動詞の原形が後に来る単語↓
agree
attempt
claim
decide
demand
fail
hesitate
hope
intend
learn
need
offer
plan
prepare
refuse
seem
want
という感じです。覚えましょう。
おまけ動詞の基本変化
最後に動詞の、現在形、過去形、過去分詞の活用表です。
時間があるときに眺めてみてください。
| 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞 | 現在形 | 過去形 | 過去分詞 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| be | was/were | been | lie | lay | lain |
| beat | beat | beaten | light | lit | lit |
| become | became | become | lose | lost | lost |
| begin | began | begun | make | made | made |
| bite | bit | bitten | mean | meant | meant |
| blow | blew | blown | meet | met | met |
| break | broke | broken | pay | paid | paid |
| bring | brought | brought | put | put | put |
| build | built | built | quit | quit | quit |
| buy | bought | bought | read | read | read |
| catch | caught | caught | ride | rode | ridden |
| choose | chose | chosen | ring | rang | rung |
| come | came | come | rise | rose | risen |
| cost | cost | cost | run | ran | run |
| cut | cut | cut | say | said | said |
| do | did | done | see | saw | seen |
| draw | drew | drawn | sell | sold | sold |
| drink | drank | drunk | send | sent | sent |
| drive | drove | driven | shine | shone | shone |
| eat | ate | eaten | shoot | shot | shot |
| fall | fell | fallen | show | showed | shown/showed |
| feel | felt | felt | shut | shut | shut |
| fight | fought | fought | sing | sang | sung |
| find | found | found | sit | sat | sat |
| fly | flew | flown | sleep | slept | slept |
| forget | forget | forgotten | speak | spoke | spoken |
| get | got | gotten | spend | spent | spent |
| give | gave | given | stand | stood | stood |
| go | went | gone | steal | stole | stolen |
| grow | grew | grown | swim | swam | swum |
| hang | hung | hung | take | took | taken |
| have | had | had | teach | taught | taught |
| hear | heard | heard | tear | tore | torn |
| hide | hid | hidden | tell | told | told |
| hit | hit | hit | think | thought | thought |
| hold | held | held | throw | threw | thrown |
| hurt | hurt | hurt | understand | understood | understood |
| keep | kept | kept | wake | woke | woken |
| know | knew | known | wear | wore | worn |
| leave | left | left | win | won | won |
| lend | lent | lent | write | wrote | written |
| let | let | let | |||
という感じです、
今日は以上です。
